London’s growing population and urbanization created social tensions that led to crime and unrest. Pickpocketing, robbery, and violent assaults were common, especially in crowded markets and dark alleys.

The city had established law enforcement, including constables and watchmen, but justice could be harsh and uneven. Punishments ranged from public humiliation to execution. Fear of crime was a daily reality, and many Londoners took precautions such as traveling in groups or carrying weapons.

Riots and disturbances were also a concern, especially during times of economic hardship or political instability. The Peasants’ Revolt of 1381, which began in London, demonstrated how quickly discontent could explode.

 Food Security and the Rising Cost of Living

Food was a major source of anxiety. Poor harvests, bad weather, and wars disrupted supply chains, leading to shortages and price hikes. Bread was the staple food, and its cost was carefully monitored by city authorities to prevent riots.

London markets were the heart of food distribution, but middlemen and merchants sometimes manipulated prices, causing resentment among the poor. The city tried to regulate weights, measures, and prices, but enforcement was difficult.

Hunger and malnutrition weakened many Londoners, making them more vulnerable to disease. Food security was a persistent worry that affected all classes, from peasants to merchants shutdown123